Garden with gongshi (ornamental rocks), Beijing

Gongshi, shishi and a pailou, at the foot of Longevity Hill (Wanshoushan 万寿山), Summer Palace (頤和園), Beijing

Fu Bingchang beside a prized petrified log and rockery, in a garden

Fu Bingchang in a famous garden, Hangzhou, early 1930s

Fu Bingchang in a traditional Chinese garden

Jiang Fangling and Ma Xiuzhong, with a rock, Northern Hot Springs Park, Beibei

Liu Shengyi and Min Chin, with rock, Northern Hot Springs Park, Beibei

Liu Shengyi and Min Chin, with rock, Northern Hot Springs Park, Beibei

Rock (gongshi) on a pedestal, covered walkway, and octagonal gate in the Forbidden City, Beijing

Rock pile (gongshi) in a Forbidden City garden, Beijing

Detail of the north facade of Cui shang lou

A Manchu bride in her wedding clothes, with her maid, in a rock garden (one of Yang Fang's courtyards) Beijing

A Manchu woman with her maid, in a rock garden (one of Yang Fang's courtyards), Beijing

Archway of Glorious Clouds and Jade Eaves / Glowing Clouds and Holy Land Archway (Yunhui Yuyu 云晖玉宇坊) and gongshi, Summer Palace (頤和園), Beijing

Men with bird cages posed beside the Exquisite Jade Rock (玉玲珑), and a zigzag bridge, Yu Garden (豫园), Shanghai

Gongshi at Zuo Wenxiang Temple (Zuogong Temple 左文襄公祠), Changsha (长沙市)

Pavilions in the Yu Garden (豫园), Shanghai

Rockery and trees in the Yu Garden (豫园), Shanghai

Huanlong Bridge (环龙桥) and the Exquisite Jade Rock (玉玲珑), Yu Garden (豫园), Shanghai

Bridge and gongshi at the Studio of Mental Serenity (Jingxinzhai), Beihai Park (北海公园), Beijing