Grotesque clay figurines, a tableau relating to sin, punishment, torture and reincarnation
Stocks for punishment beatings of perpetrators of the ‘Kucheng massacre’
Two executioners of the perpetrators of the ‘Kucheng massacre’, with their weapons
One of the executioners of the perpetrators of the ‘Kucheng massacre’, with his weapon
Model Prison, Kweilin Fu
Exposure of decapitated heads of robbers
Judicial execution of armed robbers outside Kiangnan Arsenal, Shanghai - 1
Judicial execution of armed robbers outside Kiangnan Arsenal, Shanghai - 2
Judicial execution of armed robbers outside Kiangnan Arsenal, Shanghai - 3
Prisoners in cangues and in exercise cages, Louza police station, Shanghai
Criminal kneeling on chains, Mukden (沈阳)
A man in a wooden cage, used for slow execution
Men about to be executed, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 1891
An execution
A convict road gang making a road, Weihai (威海)
The exposed head of an executed man tied up by a shop
Three women posed in a cangue
After executions: beheaded bodies
A man wearing a cangue as a punishment
